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目前,有22种特异性染色体缺陷与30种以上人类癌有关。这些缺陷多数表现为染色体相互易位或特定的染色带缺失。作者最近发现,在非何杰金氏淋巴瘤和急性白血病,有66％的病例可观察到染色体的一种特殊异常,最常见为相互易位。目前这种染色体交换被视为决定性事件,因其使干细胞趋于恶性变。在Burkitt淋巴瘤中发现1种常见的8;14易位,其断裂点在q24.1和q32.3〔t(8:14)(q24.1;q32.3)〕亚带上。在这种情况下,当14号染色体的重链免疫球蛋白基因重排时,8号染色体的癌基因c-myc被激活。在白血病,染色体缺陷可能与9个其他
Currently, 22 specific chromosomal defects are associated with more than 30 human cancers. Most of these defects appear as chromosomal translocation or deletion of specific bands. The authors recently found that in 66% of non-Hodgkin’s lymphomas and acute leukemias a specific chromosomal abnormality is observed, the most common being translocations. This current exchange of chromosomes is seen as a decisive event as it tends to degenerate stem cells. A common 8; 14 translocation was found in Burkitt’s lymphoma with breakpoints on the sub-bands q24.1 and q32.3 [t (8:14) (q24.1; q32.3)]. In this case, chromosome 8 oncogene c-myc is activated when the heavy chain immunoglobulin gene on chromosome 14 is rearranged. In leukemia, chromosomal defects may be associated with 9 others