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近年来对出现在路表面轮迹带边缘且向下扩展的纵向裂缝的研究,已成为国际沥青路面工程界对道路损坏研究的新热点。采用传统的均匀分布的垂直表面荷载模式不能解释路面的这种损坏。为了探求从上到下表面裂缝形成的原因,该文考虑不同的轮胎花纹形式,选用非均布车轮荷载模式建立了半刚性路面结构的三维有限元模型,采用大型有限元软件ABAQUS进行了数值分析。计算结果表明:路面结构最大剪应力发生在路面表层,其值较大超过了面层材料的抗剪强度,可能是导致表面裂缝的直接原因,且裂缝出现在轮迹带边缘,表现为纵向裂缝的形式。无论是纵向花纹轮胎还是横向花纹轮胎,重载车辆对路面都极具破坏性。在重载作用下,纵向花纹轮胎比横向花纹轮胎对路面的破坏更大。轮胎花纹形式的不同,对路面的影响是不同的,横向花纹轮胎更易形成斜向裂缝。
In recent years, the research on longitudinal cracks that appear on the edge of the road surface belt track and extend downward has become a new hot spot in the international asphalt pavement engineering research on road damage. The use of a conventional uniform vertical load pattern can not explain this damage to the pavement. In order to find out the reason of surface crack formation from the top to the bottom, this paper considers different forms of tire tread, selects three-dimensional finite element model of semi-rigid pavement structure by using non-uniform wheel load model, and carries out numerical analysis by using large-scale finite element software ABAQUS . The calculated results show that the maximum shear stress of pavement structure occurs on the pavement surface and its value exceeds the shear strength of the pavement material, which may be the direct cause of surface cracks. The cracks appear on the edge of the wheel track belt and appear as longitudinal cracks form. Heavy-duty vehicles are both devastating to pavements, both longitudinal and transverse. Under heavy load, the longitudinal tread tire tread damage than the tread larger. Tire tread different forms, the impact on the road is different, horizontal tread tire easier to form oblique cracks.