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执行是现代国家治理的基础,强大的执行在任何时候都是定义良政善治的首要要素。然而,当前兴起于政策领域的执行研究,不仅因为视野狭隘而无法管窥国家治理的全部内容,而且还因发育不良而无法应对治理变革的挑战。通过历史的审视和重构可以发现,作为国家治理基础性活动的执行,实际上伴随着现代民族国家的建构及其治理变迁的全过程。在这个大致从“主权政治”迈向“生命政治”的发展过程中,伴随着民族国家功能形态及其治理安排上的每一次变化,执行活动的性质、内容和方式都会产生重大的调整。在此逻辑下,当前处在治理变革中的执行,其实质是在福利国家的功能形态下,通过网络化的治理安排实现安全机制的有效运转。在这个过程中,执行活动必须获得一种相互嵌入的能力,从而将国家组织与社会网络有效地整合起来,以应对日益复杂的治理要求。
Implementation is the basis of modern state governance, and strong enforcement is at the forefront of defining good governance at all times. However, executive research, which is currently emerging in the policy arena, is not limited in its narrow perspectives to the full extent of state governance but also fails to address the challenge of managing change due to its underdevelopment. Through the review and reconstruction of history, it can be found that the implementation of the basic activities of state governance actually accompanies the whole process of the construction of the modern nation-state and its changes in governance. In the process of development from “sovereign politics” to “life politics”, with every change in the functional forms of the nation states and their governance arrangements, the nature, content and methods of implementation activities will be significant Adjustment. Under this logic, the current implementation of governance reform is essentially to realize the effective operation of the security mechanism through networked governance arrangements under the functional modalities of the welfare state. In this process, implementation activities need to be embedded in one another, effectively bringing together national organizations and social networks in response to increasingly complex governance requirements.