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目的:了解慈溪市新生儿破伤风(Neonatal Tetanus,NT)流行病学特征,讨论消除NT策略。方法:利用描述流行病学分析方法,对1996-2008年NT监测资料进行分析。结果:全市共报告NT确诊病例57例,年平均发病率波动在0.11/‰~1.01/‰之间,病死率为15.79%。流动人口病例占98.25%(56/57),男女性别比为3.75∶1。病例平均日龄6.5天,所有病例均采用土法接生且无新生儿破伤风类毒素(TT)免疫史。结论:旧法接生和产前未注射破伤风类毒素及人口流动是NT发病的主要因素。提高孕妇自我保健意识,推广住院分娩,对高危人群接种TT,加强新法接生培训是消除NT的基本措施。
Objective: To understand the epidemiological characteristics of neonatal tetanus (Neonatal Tetanus, NT) in Cixi and to discuss the strategy of eliminating NT. METHODS: Descriptive epidemiological analysis methods were used to analyze NT surveillance data from 1996 to 2008. Results: A total of 57 NT cases were reported in the city. The annual average incidence fluctuated between 0.11 / ‰ and 1.01 / ‰, and the case fatality rate was 15.79%. The floating population accounted for 98.25% (56/57), with a male / female ratio of 3.75: 1. The average age of the cases was 6.5 days. All the cases were delivered by native method without the history of neonatal tetanus toxoid (TT) immunization. CONCLUSION: The incidence of NT is the main reason for the incidence of NT in old patients and prenatal non-injection of tetanus toxoid. Improve pregnant women awareness of self-care, promotion of hospital delivery, vaccination of high-risk groups TT, strengthen the new law delivery training is the basic measure to eliminate NT.