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目的:了解金华市区妇女和儿童贫血状况、铁营养和铁酱油知晓率,为推广应用铁强化酱油提供科学依据。方法:随机抽取金华市4个社区20～60岁妇女400名和1所小学7岁儿童100名作为研究对象,对其进行血红蛋白检测和问卷调查。结果:被调查妇女总的贫血率为36.75%,儿童贫血率为29.00%,不同年龄组妇女血红蛋白含量差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),贫血率差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。缺铁可能导致贫血的知晓率为75.76%,缺铁可能对儿童影响知晓率仅为33.00%,缺铁高发人群知晓率为25.59%,导致缺铁原因知晓率为21.55%。会通过使用营养强化食品补铁的占25.93%,对铁营养知识感兴趣的占68.69%,有94.95%的调查者食用酱油,但是仅有4.38%的调查者在市场上见过铁强化酱油。结论:金华市区20～60岁妇女和7岁儿童贫血患病情况比较严重,铁营养知识缺乏,应该加强铁营养知识的宣传和普及,开展应用铁强化酱油改善贫血项目很有必要且可行。
Objective: To understand the status of anemia, iron nutrition and fermented soy sauce among women and children in Jinhua urban area and to provide a scientific basis for the promotion and application of iron fortified soy sauce. Methods: A total of 400 women aged 20-60 years and 4 children aged 7 years old from 1 community in 4 communities of Jinhua City were randomly selected for the study. Hemoglobin testing and questionnaire survey were conducted. Results: The total anemia rate of the surveyed women was 36.75%, and the rate of anemia in children was 29.00%. There was no significant difference in the hemoglobin content among the different age groups (P> 0.05). There was no significant difference in the anemia rate between the two groups (P> 0.05). Iron deficiency may lead to awareness of anemia was 75.76%, iron deficiency may affect children awareness of only 33.00%, iron deficiency high incidence of awareness of 25.59% of the population, leading to iron deficiency cause of awareness was 21.55%. Ironically, fermented foods accounted for 25.93% of the iron supplements, 68.69% were interested in iron nutrition knowledge, 94.95% of the respondents consumed soy sauce, but only 4.38% of the respondents saw iron fortified soy sauce on the market. Conclusion: Anemia is more serious in 20 ~ 60 years old women and 7 years old children in Jinhua city. There is a lack of knowledge about iron nutrition, so it is necessary to promote and popularize iron nutrition knowledge. It is necessary and feasible to use iron fortified soy sauce to improve anemia.