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欧美国家在20世纪90年代以前,依靠施用化肥在保障粮食增产的同时,化肥使用对环境带来了严重的负面影响。之后,通过发展高效肥料品种、推广精准施肥技术以及施肥管理法制化等系列措施,美国在实现化肥零增长、欧盟化肥用量持续下降的情况下,粮食产量持续提高,作物高产和环境保护协调发展,化肥施用的环境问题得到有效解决。我国从20世纪80年代开始大量施用化肥,目前农业年化肥消费量(折纯)达到了6 000万t,占世界化肥消
Before the 90s of 20th century, Europe and the United States relied on the application of chemical fertilizers to increase the grain output while exerting a serious negative impact on the environment through the use of chemical fertilizers. Afterwards, through the development of efficient fertilizer varieties, the promotion of precision fertilization techniques and the legalization of fertilization management, the United States achieved a zero growth in chemical fertilizers and a continued decline in the use of chemical fertilizers in the EU. As a result, the output of grain continued to increase, the coordinated development of crop yields and environmental protection, The environmental problems of application have been effectively solved. Since the 1980s, China started to use large amounts of chemical fertilizers. At present, the annual consumption of chemical fertilizers (pure and pure) in agriculture reaches 60 million tons,