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目的 研究江滩型日本血吸虫病中度流行区化疗后人群再感染及其危险因素。方法 选择安徽省当涂县一江滩型血吸虫病流行村作为观察试区 ,追踪观察 12 9例感染者中 ,经吡喹酮治疗后虫卵转为阴性的 12 6人在一个感染季节内的再感染情况 ,同时调查当地螺情和水体感染性变化情况以及居民接触疫水情况等因素 ;再对其进行单因素和多因素非条件 L ogistic回归分析。结果 日本血吸虫病患者化疗后经过一个感染季节 ,其再感染率高达 13.49% ,基本恢复到化疗前人群感染水平。接触疫水处水体尾蚴密度、年龄、6～ 9月疫水接触指数、居住地距阳性螺点距离是再感染发生的主要危险因素 ,其危险度分别为 10 .396、0 .194、3.413和 2 .5 5 6。控制这些因素可减少血吸虫再感染。结论 本研究为提高人群抗再感染的能力和制订预防血吸虫再感染的措施提供了理论依据。
Objective To study the re-infection of human and its risk factors after moderate chemotherapy in moderate endemic areas of Schistosoma japonicum. Methods A endemic village with schistosomiasis schistosomiasis in Dangtu County of Anhui Province was selected as the observation area. Twelve of the 12 infected persons who had been treated with praziquantel after the treatment with praziquantel were followed up for 12 months in a single infected season Re-infection, at the same time to investigate the local snail and water changes in infectivity and residents exposure to flooding and other factors; and then its univariate and multivariate non-conditional L ogistic regression analysis. Results In schistosomiasis japonica, the rate of reinfection was as high as 13.49% in one infection season after chemotherapy, which basically returned to the level of infection before chemotherapy. The contact density of water cercariae, age, water contact index from June to September and the distance from the positive spiral point of contact were the main risk factors of reinfection. The hazard ratios were 10.3396, 0.194, 3.413 and 2 .5 5 6. Controlling these factors can reduce re-infection of schistosomes. Conclusion This study provides a theoretical basis for improving anti-re-infection ability of the population and developing measures to prevent reinfection of schistosome.