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海上溢油给海洋生态环境带来了巨大的影响,甚至需要几十年才能恢复。运用卫星遥感进行海上溢油监测已成为目前溢油监测的主要手段。本文对海上溢油遥感监测方法进行了分析,鉴此,提出了一种SAR数据的多元指标溢油信息提取方法。首先,对图像进行分割,然后,建立溢油形状参数、纹理特征指数、物理特性指数等主要指标,并以层次分析法得出每一类指标的权重。针对每一类指标,以经现场验证的溢油图像为基础,选择形状参数,如周长与面积比值、复杂度等,建立溢油形状判读等级;选择纹理特征参数,以灰度共生矩阵的相关性、熵、变化等来表达溢油的纹理特性,建立溢油纹理特征判断等级;选择溢油物理特征,如溢油与海水的标准差、均方根差、对比度等,建立溢油物理参数判断等级。在此基础上,建立海上溢油遥感信息提取指数,计算分割图斑的溢油遥感信息提取指数,以此判断溢油遥感信息提取的置信度,为溢油识别提供依据。
Oil spills on the sea have had a huge impact on the marine environment and can take decades to recover. The use of satellite remote sensing to monitor oil spill at sea has become the main measure of oil spill monitoring. In this paper, the method of remote sensing monitoring of oil spill at sea is analyzed. Based on this, a method of multivariate index oil spill extraction based on SAR data is proposed. Firstly, the image is segmented. Then, the main indexes of oil spill shape parameter, texture feature index and physical property index are established, and the weight of each index is obtained by AHP. For each type of index, based on the field-verified oil spill images, shape parameters such as the ratio of perimeter to area, complexity and so on are selected to establish the interpretation level of oil spill shape. Texture parameters are selected and the gray level co-occurrence matrix Correlation, entropy, change, etc. to establish the oil spill texture features, and establish the oil spill texture features to determine the level; choose oil spill physical characteristics, such as standard deviation of oil spill and sea water, root mean square difference, contrast, etc., Parameter judgment level. On this basis, the establishment of offshore oil spill remote sensing information extraction index, the calculation of segmentation map spill oil remote sensing information extraction index, in order to determine the confidence of oil spill remote sensing information extraction, provide the basis for oil spill identification.