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研究了磺胺嘧啶(SD)、磺胺间甲氧嘧啶(SMM)和磺胺甲噁唑(SMZ)的遗传毒性。在去离子水中分别加入三种兽药的标准品,设计1、5、10、50、100 mg·L-1共5个剂量组,以蒸馏水为阴性对照,10 mg·L-1的Na N3溶液为阳性对照。用微核实验检测其对蚕豆、玉米、小麦根尖细胞微核的诱发效应,综合分析三种兽药单一及复合条件下的遗传毒性,为生态安全评价提供理论依据。结果表明:3种磺胺类药物作用于作物的根尖细胞均能诱发微核效应,说明3种药物对作物根尖细胞有一定的毒性作用,不同作物对3种磺胺类兽药的敏感性不同,在磺胺嘧啶(SD)和磺胺间甲氧嘧啶(SMM)单一处理下,3种作物的敏感性分别为蚕豆>玉米>小麦;而磺胺甲噁唑(SMZ)单一处理下,3种作物的敏感顺序为蚕豆>小麦>玉米。兽药复合时,单一兽药对作物的低促作用会消失且复合磺胺类兽药的毒性普遍高于单一兽药。
The genotoxicity of sulfadiazine (SD), sulfamonomethoxine (SMM) and sulfamethoxazole (SMZ) was studied. Three standards of veterinary drugs were added into deionized water. Five doses of 1,5,10,50,100 mg · L-1 were designed. Distilled water was used as a negative control and 10 mg · L-1 NaN3 solution Positive control. Micronucleus test was used to detect the induction effect on the micronuclei in root tip cells of Vicia Faba, corn and wheat. The genotoxicity of the three veterinary drugs in single and complex conditions was analyzed comprehensively to provide a theoretical basis for the evaluation of ecological security. The results showed that three kinds of sulfonamides could induce micronucleus effect on the root tip cells of the crop, indicating that the three kinds of drugs had some toxic effects on the root tip cells of the crop. Different crops had different sensitivities to the three sulfonamides veterinary drugs, Under the single treatment of SD and SMM, the sensitivities of the three crops were broad bean> corn> wheat. However, the sensitivities of the three crops to sulfamethoxazole (SMZ) The order of broad beans> wheat> corn. Veterinary drug compound, a single veterinary drugs on the role of the crop will disappear and the toxicity of composite sulfa veterinary drugs generally higher than a single veterinary medicine.