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通过EMS诱变粳稻品种日本晴,筛选到2个矮秆突变体s1-46和s1-96。突变体株高分别为野生型的44.7%和55.9%,且叶片直立,穗粒数减少,籽粒变短。暗处理时,野生型的中胚轴伸长,但突变体的不伸长,说明突变性状与油菜素内酯(BR)相关。外源活性BR处理后,突变体与野生型的叶夹角均变大,根长均变短,表明突变基因与BR的生物合成相关。遗传分析表明,该突变性状由1对隐性基因控制。通过与籼稻品种Dular杂交构建F2群体,将该基因定位在第1染色体40.9kb范围内。测序表明,该基因与参与BR生物合成的D2基因等位,其中s1-46第305位的氨基酸由脯氨酸突变成亮氨酸,而s1-96第370位的甘氨酸突变成谷氨酸。
Two japonica dwarf mutants s1-46 and s1-96 were screened by EMS. The mutant plants were 44.7% and 55.9% of wild-type plants, respectively. The leaves were upright with fewer grains per spike and shorter kernels. In the dark treatment, the wild-type mesoderm elongates, but the mutant does not elongate, indicating that the trait is associated with brassinosteroid (BR). After the exogenous BR treatment, the angle between the mutant and wild-type leaves became larger and the root length became shorter, indicating that the mutant gene was related to the biosynthesis of BR. Genetic analysis showed that the mutant trait was controlled by a pair of recessive genes. The F2 population was constructed by crossbreeding with Dular indica rice, and the gene was mapped to 40.9kb on chromosome 1. Sequencing showed that this gene was allelic to the D2 gene involved in BR biosynthesis, in which the amino acid at position 305 of s1-46 was mutated from proline to leucine, and the glycine at position 370 of s1-96 was mutated to glutamine acid.