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前面几讲所介绍的,只限于作物某一个性状或一种变数变异的统计方法。此外,在农业试验研究中,有时需要考察两种或两种以上变数间的关系。例如肥料与产量的关系;稻穗的大小与粒数的关系;温度、湿度与三化螟发生的关系,等等。回归与相关,是一种处理变数与变数之间关系的数理统计方法。变数与变数之间的关系中,一种为因果关系,例如,肥料与产量的关系,是肥料影响产量,而不是产量影响肥料。因此,肥料为自变数(用x表示),产量为依变数(用y表示)。
The first few lectures introduce only one statistical trait of a crop or a variation of a variable. In addition, in agricultural experimentation, it is sometimes necessary to examine the relationship between two or more variables. Such as the relationship between fertilizer and yield; the relationship between the size of rice and grain number; the relationship between temperature and humidity and the occurrence of rice stem borer, and so on. Regression and correlation are mathematical statistics that handle the relationship between variables and variables. Among the relationships between variables and variables, one is causality, for example, the relationship between fertilizer and yield, which is the effect of fertilizers on yield, rather than on the yield of fertilizers. Therefore, the fertilizer is an independent variable (expressed in x) and the yield is dependent on the variable (in y).