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现代战斗机上的抗荷装备不能完全满足防护需要,歼击机飞行员飞行中由加速度引起的意识丧失(G-induced loss of consciousness,G-LOC)发生率比较高。美国空军飞行员G-LOC的发生率为25%,美国海军飞行员G-LOC的发生率为14%,造成飞行员的空中失能,严重危胁飞行安全。正确的抗荷动作是预防G-LOC的有效措施。为了解我军飞行员对飞行加速度作用的理解程度,有针对性地进行抗荷动作训练,我们进行了有关抗荷动作问题的调查。1 对象和方法1.1 对象包括高性能战斗机飞行员在内的歼击机部队飞行员,均为男性,年龄22～45岁,飞行总时间210～3200 h。1.2 方法根据飞行训练大纲中各课目产生加速度的特点和已经进行过的抗荷训练情况拟定问卷,采用多选和问答两种题型,共分10项:①为什么要做抗荷动作,其原理如何?②抗荷动作有几种形式?你采用的是哪种类型?要领是什么?③做抗荷动作的最佳时机及身体的正确姿势?④第一次知道抗荷动作的时间及传授人?⑤是否接受过规范的抗荷动作训练?训练时间、地点?⑥你在飞行中是否有过灰视、黑视?首次发生灰视、黑视时的总飞行时间是多少小时?当时的飞行动作是什么?⑦你觉得做抗荷动作的难点是什么?⑧进行抗荷训练是否必要?是否需要复训?⑨哪些运动项目可以增强抗荷能力?⑩您理解影响抗荷能力的因素有哪几个?
The anti-load equipment on modern fighter planes can not fully meet the need of protection, and the incidence of G-induced loss of consciousness (G-LOC) in fighter pilots is relatively high. The incidence of G-LOC was 25% for the U.S. Air Force pilots and 14% for the U.S. Navy pilot G-LOC, causing pilots’ in-flight incapacitation and seriously endangering flight safety. The correct anti-charge action is an effective measure to prevent G-LOC. In order to understand the understanding of the pilot pilots on the role of flight acceleration, and to carry out anti-charge action training in a targeted manner, we conducted a survey on anti-charge action issues. 1 Subjects and methods 1.1 Object Fighter pilots, including high-performance fighter pilots, are men, aged 22 to 45 years, flying a total time of 210 ~ 3200 h. 1.2 Methods According to the flight training outline of the characteristics of the acceleration of each lesson has been carried out and anti-Dutch training situation to develop the questionnaire, using multiple choice and Q & A two kinds of questions, is divided into 10: ① Why anti-Dutch action, the principle How?? Anti-Dutch charge in several forms? What type you are using? What are the essentials? Do anti-Dutch act the best time and the correct body posture? The first time to know the anti-Dutch charge and imparting time ⑤ Have you ever received training on the anti-Dutch movement? Training time and place? ⑥ Have you ever had gray-ons in your flight? How many hours of total flight time on blacks? What are the flight actions? ⑦ What do you think is the difficulty of doing anti-charge action? ⑧ Is it necessary to conduct anti-load training? Do you need recurrent training? ⑨ Which sports items can enhance the anti-load capacity? Which few?