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目的了解陕西省人群乙型肝炎病毒(HBV)感染现状,分析HBV感染的相关危险因素。方法采用多阶段随机抽样方法,抽取2 224名1~59岁人群进行HBV感染相关因素问卷调查,并检测HBV感染情况。结果调查人群HBV标化感染率为37.58%,较1992年下降23.35%;1~4岁组HBV感染率最低,<15岁儿童HBV感染率(11.02%),明显低于15岁~人群(47.25%);农村HBV感染率33.33%,高于城市24.17%;有免疫史人群(8.80%)低于无免疫史人群(50.00%);文盲人群的感染率为64.94%,明显高于其他人群;职业分布中干部、农民和服务人员感染率居高;手术治疗史、口腔诊疗史、针灸治疗史、共用注射器、创伤性美容史是本次调查HBV感染的危险因素。结论陕西省人群HBV感染率不断下降,<15岁儿童下降更为明显;加强农村乙肝防治工作,开展通俗易懂的乙肝防治知识宣传,对服务行业等高危人群实施免疫接种是控制乙肝的重要措施。
Objective To understand the current status of hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection in Shaanxi Province and to analyze the related risk factors of HBV infection. Methods A multistage randomized sampling method was used to investigate the prevalence of HBV infection in 224 224-year-old population from a questionnaire survey of HBV infection related factors. Results The HBV infection rate was 37.58% in the surveyed population, down 23.35% compared with that in 1992. The HBV infection rate was the lowest among 1 ~ 4 years old group, HBV infection rate was 11.02% in children <15 years old, %). The prevalence of HBV infection in rural areas was 33.33%, higher than that of urban areas (24.17%). The population with immunization history (8.80%) was lower than those without immunization history (50.00%). The prevalence rate of illiterate population was 64.94% Occupational distribution of cadres, peasants and service personnel in high prevalence; surgical treatment history, history of oral treatment, history of acupuncture treatment, shared syringes, traumatic cosmetic history is the risk of HBV infection survey. Conclusion The incidence of HBV infection in the population of Shaanxi Province is declining continuously, and the decline of children less than 15 years old is even more obvious. Strengthening rural hepatitis B prevention and treatment, promoting plain knowledge of prevention and treatment of hepatitis B, and immunization of high risk population such as service industry are important measures to control hepatitis B .