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目的探讨高血压患者中外周动脉病的发生率和影响因素。方法在信阳农村7个社区对年龄40～75岁人口进行横断面调查,共筛查出高血压患者4716名,调查高血压人群中外周动脉病(踝臂指数≤0.9)的发生率及相关危险因素。结果在高血压患者中,外周动脉病的发生率为8.7%。与无外周动脉病者相比,外周动脉病患者年龄更大,传统心血管病危险因素更多,包括收缩压增高[(170.1±22.6)比(166.6±22.7)mm Hg,P<0.01)]、脉压增大,血糖增高[(5.8±2.2)比(5.6±1.7)mmol/L,P<0.05],总胆固醇增高[(5.7±1.3)比(5.5±1.1)mmol/L,P<0.05],血尿酸增高。多元Logistic回归调整了年龄、性别及其他心血管病危险因素后,与外周动脉病相关的因素为:吸烟史(OR=1.65,95%CI1.18～2.29),脑卒中病史(OR=1.50,95%CI1.12～2.00),高尿酸血症(OR=1.54,95%CI1.10～2.15),总胆固醇(OR=1.12,95%CI1.02～1.23)、体质量指数(OR=0.95,95%CI0.93～0.98)。结论信阳农村高血压患者外周动脉病发生率为8.7%,外周动脉病与传统心血管病危险因素相关。
Objective To investigate the incidence and influencing factors of peripheral arterial disease in hypertensive patients. Methods A cross-sectional survey of 40 to 75-year-old population in 7 communities in rural Xinyang was conducted. A total of 4716 hypertensive patients were screened out to investigate the incidence and related risks of peripheral arterial disease (ankle-brachial index ≤0.9) in hypertensive population factor. Results In hypertensive patients, the incidence of peripheral arterial disease was 8.7%. Patients with peripheral arterial disease were older and had more cardiovascular risk factors than those with no peripheral arterial disease, including an increase in systolic blood pressure (170.1 ± 22.6 vs. 166.6 ± 22.7 mm Hg, P <0.01) (5.8 ± 2.2) vs (5.6 ± 1.7) mmol / L, P <0.05], total cholesterol increased (5.7 ± 1.3) vs (5.5 ± 1.1) mmol / L, P < 0.05], uric acid increased. Multivariate Logistic regression adjusted for age, sex and other cardiovascular risk factors, factors associated with peripheral arterial disease were smoking history (OR = 1.65, 95% CI 1.18-2.29), history of stroke (OR = 1.50, (OR = 1.54, 95% CI 1.10-2.15), total cholesterol (OR = 1.12, 95% CI 1.02-1.23), body mass index (OR = 0.95 , 95% CI 0.93 ~ 0.98). Conclusion The incidence of peripheral arterial disease in rural patients with hypertension in Xinyang was 8.7%, and peripheral arterial disease was related to the risk factors of traditional cardiovascular disease.