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目的探讨天津市近26年黑色素瘤发病趋势及特点,为临床和病理医生提供有价值的诊断思路。方法材料来自天津医科大学总医院及天津医科大学二院病理科1981-2006年外科病理检查黑色素瘤资料,以MICROSOFTEXCEL表格形式存储,列统计表显示黑色素瘤26年检出趋势,分别计算年龄及部位构成比及平均确诊年龄,对不同性别的黑色素瘤进行t检验。结果 26年来黑色素瘤皮肤最好发,其次口腔、直肠、阴道。检出男57例,女68例。女性略多于男性,男女之比为0.83:1。年龄范围从25～77岁,平均年龄54岁。结论黑色素瘤发病年龄趋于年轻化,内脏发病有增高趋势,皮肤发病趋于消减,这与人们防治意识提高及对皮肤病变早期手术有关。
Objective To investigate the incidence and characteristics of melanoma in Tianjin in recent 26 years and provide valuable diagnostic ideas for clinical and pathological doctors. Materials and Methods Materials of medical histology from 1981 to 2006, Department of Pathology, Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University and Tianjin Medical University were collected in the form of MICROSOFTEXCEL. The statistical tables showed the detection trend of melanoma in 26 years. The age and location Composition ratio and mean age at diagnosis, t-test for different sexes of melanoma. The results of 26 years, the best melanoma skin hair, followed by oral, rectal, vaginal. 57 males and 68 females were detected. Women slightly more than men, the ratio of men to women was 0.83: 1. The age range from 25 to 77 years old, average age 54 years old. Conclusion The onset age of melanoma tends to be younger, the incidence of viscera tends to increase, and the incidence of skin tends to decrease. This is related to the improvement of people’s awareness of prevention and treatment and the early surgical treatment of skin lesions.