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目的探讨铅、镉在儿童体内的负荷及其对儿童智力的影响。方法在山东省二个城市3700名7~12岁普通小学生中，以学习成绩、智商测验等方法选出IQ＜80的小学生112名为实验组，IQ＞100的小学生80名为对照组，分别测定其末梢血、尿中铅、镉含量，分析影响智力和铅镉在体内水平变化的相关因素，结果实验组儿童血铅均值为1．38μmol/L，对照组为1．03μmol/L，两组间差异有显著性（P＜0．05）。同时，相关分析表明，血铅水平与儿童智商总分、操作智商、语言智商之间均存在着显著的负相关关系（P均小于0．05）.两组间尿铅差异无显著性．实验组儿童血镉均值为0．51μmol/L，对照组为0．36μmol/L．实验组血镉水平高于对照组．但二者间差异无显著性（P＞0．05）本文还就其他可能影响智力发育的因素进行调查，排除可能影响结果的困素，结论血铅与儿童智商是负相关关系，而尿铅、血镉、尿镉与智商无相关性。
Objective To explore the load of lead and cadmium in children and their effects on children’s intelligence. Methods Among 3,700 primary school students aged 7 ~ 12 in two cities of Shandong Province, 112 primary school students with IQ <80 were selected as the experimental group and 80 primary school students with IQ> 100 as the control group The contents of lead and cadmium in peripheral blood and urine were measured. The factors influencing the intelligence and lead and cadmium levels in vivo were analyzed. Results The average blood lead level was 1.38μmol / L in the experimental group and 1.03μmol / L in the control group There was significant difference between groups (P <0.05). At the same time, the correlation analysis showed that there was a significant negative correlation between blood lead level and children’s total score of IQ, operational IQ, language IQ (P <0.05) .There was no significant difference in urinary lead between the two groups. The mean serum cadmium in experimental group was 0.51 μmol / L and that in control group was 0.36 μmol / L. The level of serum cadmium in experimental group was higher than that in control group. But there was no significant difference between the two (P> 0.05) .This article also investigated other factors that may affect the mental development, excluding the factors that may affect the results, conclusion blood lead is negatively correlated with children’s IQ, and urine lead , Blood cadmium, urine cadmium and no relevant IQ.