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1.前言近年来,断裂力学发展很快,从线性断裂力学发展到非线性断裂力学,应用范围逐渐扩大。线性断裂力学,作为一门科学,已大体上达到了完善的地步;众所周知,线性断裂力学的实际应用范围主要是在核反应堆压力容器的设计及其材料评价等方面。不仅在核反应堆方面,而且在化工、石油化工等大型装置中也应用断裂力学;不但在设计或材料评价方面,而且在安全检查方面,应用断裂力学的必要性也越来越大了。但很遗憾,这方面工作一般地很难进行。压力容器破坏事故的分析也是断裂力学的重要课题之一,而涉及事故分析本质的报
1. Introduction In recent years, the rapid development of fracture mechanics, from the development of linear fracture mechanics to nonlinear fracture mechanics, the scope of application gradually expanded. As a science, linear fracture mechanics has generally reached a perfect point. As we all know, the practical application of linear fracture mechanics is mainly in the design of nuclear reactor pressure vessel and its material evaluation. Fracture mechanics has also been applied not only in nuclear reactors but also in large installations such as chemical and petrochemical plants. The need to apply fracture mechanics has also increased both in terms of design or material evaluation, and in terms of safety inspection. Unfortunately, work in this area is generally difficult to carry out. Analysis of pressure vessel damage accidents is also one of the important topics in fracture mechanics, and the essence of accident analysis