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采用沉淀法合成6种不同掺杂方铅矿,并通过浮选实验考察杂质对方铅矿浮选性能的影响;采用微量热法测量含不同杂质原子的方铅矿表面吸附黄药的热力学和动力学参数;采用密度泛函理论对黄药分子在不同掺杂方铅矿表面的吸附构型和吸附能进行模拟计算。浮选实验结果表明:银、铋杂质能够显著提高方铅矿的回收率,而锌、锑、锰、铜杂质降低了方铅矿的浮选回收率。微量热动力学结果表明:含杂质方铅矿的吸附热与浮选回收率呈正比关系。黄药在含银和铋方铅矿表面的吸附热和反应速率常数均比纯方铅矿的大,对应的浮选回收率较高,而含铜和含锑方铅矿的吸附热和反应速率常数均比纯方铅矿的小,对应的浮选回收率较低。同时还分析了黄药在掺杂方铅矿表面的不饱和吸附热和黄药在杂质原子上的吸附能的关系。
Six kinds of galena with different doping were synthesized by precipitation method and the influence of impurities on flotation performance of galena was investigated by flotation. The thermodynamics and kinetics of adsorption of xanthate on galena with different impurity atoms were measured by microcalorimetry The adsorption parameters and adsorption energies of xanthate molecules on different galena surfaces were calculated by using density functional theory. The results of flotation experiments show that the impurities of silver and bismuth can significantly increase the recovery rate of galena, while the impurities of zinc, antimony, manganese and copper reduce the recovery rate of galena. The results of trace thermodynamics show that the heat of adsorption of galena containing impurities is directly proportional to the recovery of flotation. The adsorption heat and the reaction rate constant of xanthate on silver-bearing and bismuth-galena surfaces are larger than that of pure galena, and the corresponding flotation recoveries are high. However, the adsorption heat and reaction of copper-containing and antimony-containing galena The rate constants are smaller than pure galena, the corresponding flotation recovery rate is low. At the same time, the relationship between the unsaturated adsorption heat of xanthate on the surface of galena and the adsorption energy of xanthate on the impurity atoms was also analyzed.