论文部分内容阅读
一、建筑结构与材料之比对 当人类走出山洞,开始营造定居场所,建筑半地穴房屋时,东西方差距并不是很大,在中国,半地穴房屋主要是指房屋一半在地下,柱作为支撑结构立于房屋中间,树枝、茅草等搭起屋顶,但是,这样的建造不仅费工费时,而且受到天气变化的影响很大,例如易灌进雨水,上下进出也不方便,因而又改为在地面建造更为坚固的房屋,原先立在房屋中间的柱子被移至屋顶四周并加多加密,以便像穴壁一样支撑屋顶,密集的立柱被抹上厚的草泥加固支撑成为木骨泥墙。当然,不仅早先的中国建筑是木构架的,西方也同样,只是发展到后来才大量使用砖石结构。
First, the ratio of building structure and material When humans out of the cave, began to create settlements, building semi-cave houses, the gap between East and West is not great, in China, semi-cave houses mainly refers to the housing half underground, column However, such construction not only takes time and effort, but also is greatly affected by the weather changes. For example, it is not easy to pour rainwater into and out of the house, so it is not convenient In order to build a more solid house on the ground, the original column in the middle of the house was moved around the roof and more densely so as to support the roof like a pock-up wall. The dense columns were covered with thick grass mud and reinforced to form wood-bone mud wall. Of course, not only did the earlier Chinese architecture be wood-framed, but the West did the same, only developing heavily to later use masonry.