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采用响应曲面法对预成形模具形状进行了优化设计,以终锻件能够完全充满型腔且飞边最小为优化目标,建立了数学建模。以工字型锻件为例,设计出了直线、圆弧和曲线3种预锻模形状,提取了直线的角度、圆弧的半径、四次曲线的拐点位置为设计变量。以Deform 2D为有限元模拟软件,对每种预锻模形状进行锻造过程模拟,根据模拟出的实验数据求得目标函数值。用曲线拟合软件1st Opt对形状设计变量和目标函数值之间的相互关系进行曲线拟合,得到相应的曲线方程,并对曲线方程求最优解,从而获得最佳角度为41°,最佳半径为109.1 mm,最佳拐点位置为0.3。通过对3种最优预锻模形状的比较,得出四次曲线型预锻模为最佳预锻模形状。
The response surface method was used to optimize the shape of the preform mold. The mathematical model was set up with the final forging piece being able to completely fill the cavity with minimum flash edge. Taking the I-shaped forgings as an example, three kinds of preform die shapes of straight line, arc and curve are designed, the angles of the straight lines and the radius of the arc are extracted, and the inflection point position of the quadric curve is taken as the design variable. Deform 2D is used as the finite element simulation software to simulate the forging process of each preform shape and obtain the objective function value based on the simulated experimental data. Using the curve fitting software 1st Opt to curve fitting the relationship between shape design variables and objective function values, the corresponding curve equation is obtained, and the optimal solution is obtained for the curve equation so as to obtain the optimal angle of 41 ° Good radius of 109.1 mm, the best inflection point position of 0.3. By comparing the shape of the three kinds of optimal preforming dies, the quadratic curvilinear shape preforming die is obtained as the shape of the best preforming die.