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目的:对新疆地区住院患者Rh血型系统不规则抗体特异性进行分析,以研究新疆地区不同民族患者Rh血型系统不规则抗体的发生率,为临床安全输血提供依据。方法:应用红细胞不规则抗体筛选试剂盒(固相法)对2011-01-2014-12住院患者血标本进行全自动Rh血型系统不规则抗体筛查试验,分析不规则抗体阳性检出率及人群分布特征。结果:在123 153例患者样本中共检测出Rh血型系统不规则抗体阳性者396例,阳性率为0.32%,其中男性阳性率为0.197%(137/69 466),女性阳性率为0.482%(259/53 687),两者比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。检出的单特异性抗体包括:抗-D 75例,抗-C 36例,抗-c 17例,抗-E 123例,抗-e 12例;检出的多特异性抗体包括:抗cE 43例,抗-Ce 37例,抗-ce 21例,抗-CD 32例。不同民族检出的阳性率:汉族0.20%(94/46 963);维吾尔族0.41%(226/54 732);哈萨克族0.33%(44/13 247);回族0.37%(16/4 325);柯尔克孜族0.39%(8/2 036);蒙古族0.44%(5/1 128);塔吉克族0.42%(3/722)。有输血史/妊娠史患者阳性率为0.916%(378/41 265),显著高于无输血史/妊娠史患者阳性率0.022%(18/81 888),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:新疆地区不同民族患者Rh血型系统不规则抗体的发生频率及特异性抗体的分布具有本民族特点,6个少数民族患者阳性率0.40%(302/76 190),明显高于汉族患者阳性率0.20%(94/46 963),7个民族均以抗-E、抗-D和抗-cE检出率较高。对以RhD阴性频率较高的新疆少数民族患者输血前进行Rh血型系统不规则抗体检测非常有必要,对保障患者输血安全,减少输血不良反应和溶血性输血反应具有重要意义。
OBJECTIVE: To analyze the specificity of irregular antibodies in Rh blood system in inpatients in Xinjiang in order to study the incidence of irregular antibodies in Rh blood system in different ethnic groups in Xinjiang, and to provide basis for clinical safe blood transfusion. Methods: The automated red blood cell antibody screening kit (solid-phase method) was used to screen the blood samples from January 2011 to December 2014 in an automated Rh blood system for irregular antibody screening. The detection rate of irregular antibody positive rate and population Distribution characteristics. Results: A total of 396 cases of Rh antibody antigens were detected in 123 153 samples of patients, the positive rate was 0.32%, of which the positive rate was 0.197% (137/69 466), the positive rate was 0.482% (259 / 53 687), the difference was statistically significant (P <0.05). The monospecific antibodies detected included 75 anti-D, anti-C 36, anti-c 17, anti-E 123 and anti-e 12; the detected multispecific antibodies include anti-cE 43 cases, anti-Ce 37 cases, anti-ce 21 cases, anti-CD 32 cases. The positive rates of different ethnic groups were 0.20% (94/46 963) in Han nationality, 0.41% (226/54 732) in Uyghur nationality, 0.33% (44/13 247) in Kazakh nationality, and 0.37% (16/4 325) in Hui nationality. Kirgiz 0.39% (8/2 036); Mongolian 0.44% (5/1 128); Tajikistan 0.42% (3/722). The positive rate of blood transfusion / pregnancy was 0.916% (378/41 265), significantly higher than that of no blood transfusion / pregnancy (0.022%, 18/81 888), the difference was statistically significant (P 0.05) . CONCLUSIONS: The incidence of irregular antibodies and the distribution of specific antibodies in Rh blood group patients from different ethnic groups in Xinjiang region have their own national characteristics. The positive rate of 0.40% (302/76 190) in 6 ethnic minority patients was significantly higher than that of Han patients 0.20% (94/46 963). All 7 ethnic groups showed higher detection rates of anti-E, anti-D and anti-cE. It is very necessary to detect irregular antibody of Rh blood system before transfusion in patients with ethnic minorities with high frequency of RhD negative. It is of great significance to ensure the safety of blood transfusion, reduce the adverse reactions of blood transfusion and hemolytic transfusion reaction.