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拍麦镇压是协调小麦生长,增穗增粒的一项有效措施。尤其是对生长过旺或发苗迟的麦苗,增产效果更为显著。一、拍麦镇压增产的原因麦苗在越冬期间进行拍麦镇压的作用很多。首先,通过镇压能破碎土块,压实畦面,增加容重,弥合土缝,使麦根与土壤密切结合镇压后0—10厘米土层的土壤容重较未镇压区增加0.12克/厘米~3,同时毛细管作用加强,土壤含水量比未镇压区增加3%左右。而且镇压区0.5厘米土层中的热容量增大,温度变幅减小,使分蘖节附近土壤水分和温度状况有所改善。这样不仅加强了根系的吸收能力,使植株内养分积累增多,促进次生根及有效分蘗的生长,而且有利幼穗分化,并能延长幼穗分化的进程,为获得穗多穗大打下基础。根据试验,杨麦一号小麦,冬季进行拍麦镇压的每亩成穗40.8万,平均每穗34.2粒;而未进行拍麦镇压的每亩成穗只有35.7万,平均每穗实粒只有29.3粒。
Mai Mai suppression is to coordinate the growth of wheat, by increasing the grain by an effective measure. Especially for the growth of over-mature or late seedling wheat, yield more significant effect. First, the reasons for the suppression of Mai Mai wheat seedlings wheat shoot during the winter to suppress Mai lot. First, by crushing clods, compacting noodles, increasing bulk density and bridging soil seams, soil bulk density of 0-10 cm soil layer after the combination of wheat root and soil is increased by 0.12 g / cm ~ 3 At the same time, the capillary action is strengthened, and the soil water content is increased by about 3% than that in the non-suppressed area. Moreover, the heat capacity in 0.5 cm soil layer in the area of repression increased and the temperature fluctuation decreased, which improved the soil moisture and temperature near the tillering node. This will not only strengthen the root absorption capacity, increase the accumulation of nutrients in the plant to promote the growth of secondary roots and effective tillering, but also conducive to spike differentiation, and can extend the process of spike differentiation, in order to lay a foundation to obtain more spikes. According to the experiment, the wheat of Yangmai No. 1 was knocked down in wheat in winter to produce 408,000 mu per acre, with an average of 34.2 per acre; while there was only 357,000 per acre of wheat without repression of wheat malting, with an average of 29.3 per acre grain.