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教练员在训练不同性别的少年选手时,既要注意到他们的相同处,同时又要做到区别对待。基于此,我们对一些有关少年男女选手性别差异的问题进行了总结并得出了实际性建议和意见。青春期:处于青春期的少年男选手,因睾丸激素分泌水平的增加而使肌肉发展得到提高。由于睾丸激素是一种合成蛋白质,所以造成肌肉力量和体积的增加,身体脂肪所占百分比降低。对女选手而说,青春期则意味着雌激素水平的提高。雌激素分泌的增加将有助于体内储存更多的脂肪和分解更多的蛋白质。与男选手不同,女选手在青春期的发展中,最初可能对游泳成绩有损害作用。在此阶段,对教练来说,为女选手制定的训练计划应该有助于保持她们的肌肉并抵消正在自然发生的生理变化。敏感期从生理和生长的角度看,男选手和女选手的敏感期的时间是不同的。女选手生理上的成熟要早于男选手两年。女选手早成熟,所以敏感期也来的早。真正的生理变化并不是性别上的,而是生长曲线的开始:即女选手的敏感阶段在11-13岁,而
When coaches train teenagers of different genders, they should not only pay attention to their similarities but also differentiate them. Based on this, we summarized some issues concerning gender differences in juvenile boys and girls and came up with practical suggestions and opinions. Adolescence: Juvenile male runner in adolescence, because of increased testosterone secretion and muscle development improved. Because testosterone is a synthetic protein, it results in an increase in muscle strength and volume, with a reduction in the percentage of body fat. For female athletes, adolescence means estrogen levels are elevated. Increased estrogen secretion will help the body store more fat and break down more protein. Unlike male players, female athletes initially may have a detrimental effect on swimming performance during adolescent development. At this stage, for coaches, training programs for female athletes should help maintain their muscles and counteract the physiological changes that are occurring naturally. Sensitive period Physiological and growth point of view, male and female players of the sensitive period of time is different. Physiological maturity of women players should be two years before the male runner. Female players mature early, so the sensitive period also come early. The real physical change is not gender but the beginning of the growth curve: the female athlete’s sensitive stage is between 11 and 13 years of age and