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作为美国研究的第一个重要学派,神话与象征研究努力从美国文学作品中发现一些反复出现的神话和象征,认为其体现了美国独特的民族精神。20世纪五六十年代,神话与象征研究达到鼎盛,通过列举美国文化中种种有代表性的形象,强调美国文化的独特性。60年代末至70年代以来,随着多元文化的发展,神话与象征研究遭遇前所未有的危机,被质疑其否定了美国其他种族和群体的特点和经历。21世纪又掀起新一轮神话与象征研究热潮,与当前的文化研究相结合,从意识形态批评的角度对早期美国中心主义的倾向进行了批判。
As the first important school of American studies, myth and symbolism endeavors to find some recurring myths and symbols from American literary works, believing it reflects the unique national spirit of the United States. In the fifties and sixties of the 20th century, mythology and symbolism reached its peak. By highlighting the representative images of American culture, I emphasized the uniqueness of American culture. Since the late 1960s and the 1970s, with the development of multiculturalism, the study of myths and symbols has experienced unprecedented crises, which have been questioned for deny the characteristics and experiences of other ethnic groups and groups in the United States. In the 21st century, a new wave of research in mythology and symbolism has been launched. Combining with the current studies on culture, the tendency of early-stage United States-centrism has been criticized from the perspective of ideological criticism.