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目的:了解吉林市乡镇居民对自然灾害中食品卫生安全知识的知晓情况,调查其食品卫生安全意识和行为,为防治自然灾害中食品卫生安全的对策制定提供依据。方法:以吉林市乡镇居民为调查对象,采用自行设计的调查问卷,调查其自然灾害中食品卫生知识、卫生行为知晓情况、影响因素及相关行为的态度。结果:吉林市乡镇居民对自然灾害种类了解程度达68.8%,引发食品卫生问题知晓率为69.7%,对食品污染相关知识知晓情况仅为43.9%,食物中毒相关知识知晓情况均未达到65%以上,自然灾害发生后不喝生水的知晓率占78.9%,吃熟食、饭前便后洗手占62.8%、66.8%;文化程度为知识得分的影响因素,文化程度高,知识得分高;居民希望获得自然灾害食品卫生安全知识意愿的占93.6%,对相关信息及报道的关注度达77.9%,其获得知识的途径主要来源于报纸、广播、电视,占61.6%,微博、微信、网络途径占16.1%。结论:吉林市乡镇居民对自然灾害相关知识了解尚可,关注度较高,自然灾害发生后所面临的食品卫生相关知识及健康行为堪忧,应根据文化程度选择合适方式、多途径、多手段,对食品污染及食物中毒相关知识加强健康教育。
Objective: To know the township residents’ awareness of food hygiene and safety in natural disasters, investigate the awareness and behavior of food hygiene and safety, and provide basis for the prevention and control of food hygiene and safety in natural disasters. Methods: Taking the residents of towns and villages in Jilin City as the survey subjects, the self-designed questionnaires were used to investigate the attitudes of food hygiene knowledge, health awareness, influencing factors and related behaviors in natural disasters. Results: The township residents in Jilin City had a 68.8% awareness of natural disaster types, the awareness rate of food hygiene problems was 69.7%, the knowledge of food contamination was only 43.9%, and the knowledge of food poisoning was not more than 65% , 78.9% knew no drinking of raw water after natural disasters and 62.8% and 66.8% of hands cooked food after meals; Cultural factors were the influential factors of knowledge scores, with high education level and high knowledge scores; Residents hope Accounting for 93.6% of the respondents’ willingness to acquire knowledge of natural disasters and food hygiene and safety, and 77.9% of their concern about relevant information and reports. The ways of obtaining knowledge mainly come from newspapers, radio and television, accounting for 61.6% of the total. Weibo, WeChat, Accounting for 16.1%. Conclusion: The township residents in Jilin City can still understand the relevant knowledge of natural disasters and pay more attention to it. The knowledge and health behaviors related to food hygiene after the natural disasters are worrisome. They should choose appropriate ways, ways and means, Strengthen health education on knowledge related to food contamination and food poisoning.