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情境是情报学中的重要概念,对情境的深入理解对信息行为和信息检索等相关领域均具有重要意义。本文采用文献调研的方法,从情境理论层面的界定、操作层面的界定、情境模型等三个方面梳理国内外已有相关文献,研究发现:情境的重要性已经得到情报学学者的普遍认可;国外研究在理论层面和操作层面都更为深入和丰富,国内研究还有较大发展空间;少量情境模型的研究构建了新的研究问题,同时提供了方法论借鉴。
Situation is an important concept in information science. The deep understanding of context is of great significance to related fields such as information behavior and information retrieval. This article uses the method of literature research to comb the existing literatures at home and abroad from three aspects: the definition of situational theory, the definition of operational dimension and the situation model. The results show that the importance of situation has been generally recognized by informatics scholars. The research is more in-depth and more abundant both in theory and in operation, and there is still much room for domestic research. A small amount of research on situation models has created new research questions and provided a reference for methodology.