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冶金、建材等工业部门中的高炉、平炉及回转窑,常采用爆破法清除生产过程中形成的炉瘤、沉渣等高温凝结物。这些高温凝结物在停炉几天之后,温度仍在400～800℃之间。根据目前爆破器材的发火点(雷管视起爆药的成分而不同:雷汞约在175℃,二硝基重氮酚约为220℃,氨化铝325～340℃,硝酸类炸药一般在160～170℃分解),采用常规的装药爆破方法,是难以满足安全要求的。针对以上情况,国内、外大多采用降温冷却法和隔热法或隔热、降温兼用的办法进行爆破作业。 1.降温冷却法分自然降温冷却和强制冷却两种。我国一些小型钢厂和个别大型钢厂,以及苏联的钢厂大都采用自然冷却法,即停炉之后,凝
Blast furnaces, open furnaces, and rotary kiln furnaces in the metallurgy, building materials, and other industrial sectors often use blasting methods to remove high-temperature condensates such as furnace knobs and sediments that form during the production process. These high-temperature condensates are still between 400 and 800°C after a few days of shutdown. According to the current explosion point of the blasting equipment (the detonator is different depending on the composition of the primer: mercury is about 175°C, dinitrodiazophenol is about 220°C, aluminum amide is 325～340°C, and nitric acid explosives are generally 160～ Decomposition at 170°C. Using conventional charge blasting methods, it is difficult to meet safety requirements. In view of the above situation, the domestic and foreign countries mostly adopt cooling cooling method and thermal insulation method or thermal insulation and cooling method to perform blasting operations. 1. The cooling and cooling method is divided into natural cooling and forced cooling. Some small steel mills and individual large steel mills in China, as well as Soviet steel mills, mostly adopt natural cooling methods, that is, after shutdown,