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要遵循学生的认知规律,重视学生获取知识的思维过程。即:重视学生思维品质的形成。一、注意引导,发展思维的广阔性思维的广阔性,指思路广泛,善于把握事物各方面的联系,善于全面地思考和分析问题。如“温泉乡今年修了4条水渠,总长1608米,等于去年的3倍,今年比去年多修多少米?”通过读题,理解题意,分析条件和问题的关系,学生发现中间问题不是求“平均一条水渠道长多少米?”而是求“去年修多少米?”,“今年修了4条水渠”是一个多余的条件。如果学生的思路不开阔,思路狭窄,数量关系就不清晰,就会出现各种各样的错误。这一题的教学,教师注意了正确引导,激活学生的思维,重视了开拓学生的思路,增强了学生思维的主动性和积极性。二、抓住主导词,发展思维的深刻性思维的深刻性,指善于深入地钻研问题,不满足表面的认识,善于区分本质与非本质的特征,能预测事物发展的趋势与后果。如(1)甲村每天修水渠100米,比乙村的2倍少20米,两村合修,每天修水渠多少米?(2)学校鱼池里
Students should follow the law of cognition, emphasis on students acquire knowledge of the thinking process. Namely: Pay attention to the formation of students' thinking quality. First, pay attention to guiding, the vastness of thinking The vastness of thinking refers to a wide range of thinking, good at grasping all aspects of things, be good at thinking and analysis of the problem. For example, “Wenquan Township has built 4 canals this year, with a total length of 1608 meters, which is three times as much as that of last year. How many more meters this year than last year?” By reading the questions, understanding the questions, analyzing the conditions and the relationship between the questions, students found that the middle question is not seeking “What is the average length of a canal?” But “How many meters did it last year?” And “four canals were repaired this year” is an extra condition. If the student's mentality is not open, the idea is narrow, the relationship between the number is not clear, there will be a variety of mistakes. The teaching of this question, the teacher noticed the correct guidance, activate students 'thinking, attaches great importance to the idea of exploring students, and enhance students' initiative and enthusiasm. Second, seize the dominant word, the profound development of thinking The profound nature of thinking, refers to a good depth study of the problem, do not meet the surface of knowledge, good at distinguishing essential and non-essential features, can predict the development trend of things and consequences. For example: (1) A village every day to repair the canal 100 meters, 20 meters less than 2 times the village B, two villages together repair, how many meters to cultivate the canal? (2) School fish pond