论文部分内容阅读
为了筛选近年江西审定的优良早稻品种和指导江西早稻品种选育及推广应用,对江西省2003—2011年审定的130个早稻品种的育种方法,不育系和恢复系利用,选育单位,产量、米质及抗性性状进行分析、评价。结果表明:三系杂交早稻品种81个,占62.3%;两系杂交早稻品种30个,占23.1%;常规稻品种19个,占14.6%;杂交早稻是江西早稻选育的主要方向,三系法仍然是当前江西省早稻育种的主要方法,两系法呈现良好前景。111个杂交早稻品种利用了34个不育系,其中,三系不育系23个,两系不育系11个,‘金23A’、‘株1S’、‘优IA’、‘中9A’、‘荣丰A’和‘五丰A’等6个不育系是目前江西杂交早稻选育中应用的主要不育系,利用了87个恢复系,恢复系应用面广、数量多,突出的少,遗传多样性较低。第一选育单位有52家,分为种业(种子)公司、研究所(院)和学院(大学)等5类,其中,种业(种子)公司和研究所(院)审定了115个品种,两者占88.46%,是江西早稻品种选育的主要力量;分布在江西、湖南、浙江和北京等8省市,其中,江西省单位最多,有37家,审定品种94个,育种总体实力强。筛选到具有高产、优质和抗性等主要性状的优良品种90个次,其中,高产品种24个,抗性品种42个,优质品种12个,具有综合2个性状的优良品种12个。
In order to screen the fine early rice variety approved by Jiangxi in recent years and guide the breeding and popularization and application of early rice varieties in Jiangxi Province, the breeding methods of 130 early rice varieties, the utilization of sterile lines and restorer lines, the breeding units, the yield , Quality and resistance traits analysis, evaluation. The results showed that there were 81 three-line hybrid early rice varieties (62.3%), 30 two-line early hybrid rice varieties (23.1%), 19 conventional rice varieties (14.6%), and the early hybrid rice was the main direction of early rice breeding in Jiangxi Law is still the main method of early rice breeding in Jiangxi Province, and the two systems method shows good prospects. A total of 111 CMS lines including 34 lines of CMS, 11 lines of CMS, 11 lines of ’Jin 23A’, ’1S’, ’You IA’, ’9A’ , ’Rongfeng A’ and ’Wufeng A’ were the main CMS lines in early hybrid rice breeding in Jiangxi Province, using 87 restorer lines. Less, less genetic diversity. There are 52 primary breeding units divided into 5 types of seed (seed) companies, research institutes (colleges) and colleges (universities), among which, seed seed companies and institutes have approved 115 The cultivars accounted for 88.46% of the total cultivars, which was the main force for breeding early-rice varieties in Jiangxi Province. They were distributed in 8 provinces and municipalities in Jiangxi, Hunan, Zhejiang and Beijing. Among them, Jiangxi Province had the largest number of units with 37 units, 94 validated varieties, Strong. Ninety elite cultivars with the main characters of high yield, high quality and resistance were screened out, of which 24 were high yielding varieties, 42 were resistant varieties, 12 were high quality varieties and 12 were fine varieties with 2 traits.