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[目的]研究2012年西藏地区降水的时空特征以及夏季(6～9月)降水与西太副高的关系。[方法]利用西藏地区2012年39个测站1～12月的降水资料以及常规的各种气象资料,采用气候诊断方法,统计分析西太副高脊线、北界位置与西藏夏季降水之间的关系。[结果]西太副高脊线、北界位置与西藏夏季降水之间均存在密切的关系。当西太副高脊线南北移动时高原上的降水随之产生差异,脊线位置偏北、偏西时西藏夏季降水偏少,除西藏中部和南部有降水外,其余地区基本无降水;脊线位置偏南、偏东时,降水偏多,此时高原上除阿里地区和那曲西部降水过程较少,其余地区均处于降水过程较频繁时期。在西藏夏季降水过程中,52%的区域性强降水是直接受西太副高位置影响,西太副高脊线和北界位置造成了降水的落区和强度不同。[结论]该研究为西藏夏季降水的相关预报预测提供科学依据。
[Objective] The research aimed to study the spatio-temporal features of precipitation in Tibet in 2012 and the relationship between summer (June-September) precipitation and West Pacific subtropical high. [Method] Based on the precipitation data of 39 stations in Tibet from January to December in 2012 and conventional meteorological data, the climate diagnosis method was used to statistically analyze the relationship between the location of the Western Pacific subtropical high ridge and the northern boundary and the summer precipitation in Tibet Relationship. [Result] There was a close relationship between the location of the Western Pacific subtropical high ridge and the northern boundary and the summer precipitation in Tibet. When the western Pacific subtropical high ridge moves north and south, the precipitation on the plateau will be different, the ridge line will be northward, while the western Tibet will have less precipitation in summer, except for precipitation in central and southern Tibet. When the line is southward and eastward, there is a large amount of precipitation. At this time, precipitation on the plateau except Ali and western Nagqu is less, and the remaining areas are in the more frequent periods of precipitation. During the summer precipitation in Tibet, 52% of the regional heavy precipitation is directly affected by the position of the Western Pacific subtropical high. The precipitation and intensity of precipitation caused by the Western Pacific subtropical high ridge and the northern boundary are different. [Conclusion] The study provided a scientific basis for forecasting summer precipitation in Tibet.