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目的:探讨湘西地区农村7-15岁儿童体重指数、血压及其相关性。方法:随机抽取湘西地区怀化市,吉首市,张家界市农村地区,于2011年1月到3月对7-15岁儿童进行调查。我们采用问卷调查法和体格检查法收集资料,采用中国肥胖问题工作组(WGOC)推荐的“中国学龄儿童青少年超重、肥胖筛查体重指数值分类标准”。高血压诊断采用文献中国儿童青少年血压参照标准评价肥胖和高血压。结果:1755名7-15岁儿童中,男性938人、占53.4%,女性817人占46.6%。男性BMI正常组838人、超重组7人和肥胖组30人,SBP分别为101.1±23.5 mmHg、103.9±12.0 mmHg、106.9±8.8 mmHg,DBP分别为66.7±9.0 mmHg、69.8±7.4 mmHg、71.7±9.1 mmHg。女性BMI正常组768人、超重组43人和肥胖组17人;SBP分别为101.3±35.1 mmHg、104.5±18.0 mmHg、109.1±9.8 mmHg,差异显著,有统计学意义(P<0.05),DBP分别为66.2±8.1 mmHg、71.1±8.8 mmHg、72.0±7.9 mmHg,差异显著,有统计学意义(P<0.05)。制年龄和性别后,BMI与收缩压(SBP)和舒张压(DBP)成独立正相关关系(P<0.05);BMI正常组、超重组和肥胖组的高SBP发生率分别是1.3%、7.1%和15.2%,高DBP发生率分别是4.5%、9.2%和17.4%,高SBP发生率分别是5.3%、13.3%和32.6%,差异显著,有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:儿童BMI与SBP和DBP密切相关,儿童超重和肥胖增加高血压的发生风险,且高血压发生率随肥胖程度的增加呈现成倍上升趋势。
Objective: To explore the body mass index and blood pressure of rural children aged 7-15 years in western Hunan and their correlation. Methods: Rural areas of Huaihua City, Jishou City, and Zhangjiajie City in western Hunan Province were randomly selected. From January to March 2011, children aged 7-15 years were investigated. We use questionnaires and physical examination to collect data, using the Chinese Obese Working Group (WGOC) recommended “Chinese school-age children and adolescents overweight, obesity screening body mass index value classification criteria.” Hypertension diagnosis using Chinese children and adolescents blood pressure reference standard evaluation of obesity and hypertension. Results: Among 1755 children aged 7-15 years, 938 were male, accounting for 53.4% and 817 were female, accounting for 46.6%. There were 838 men in the normal BMI group, 7 in the overweight group and 30 in the obesity group. The SBP were 101.1 ± 23.5 mmHg, 103.9 ± 12.0 mmHg and 106.9 ± 8.8 mmHg, respectively. The DBP were 66.7 ± 9.0 mmHg, 69.8 ± 7.4 mmHg and 71.7 ± 9.1 mmHg. There were 768 normal women in BMI group, 43 in overweight group and 17 in obesity group. The SBP were 101.3 ± 35.1 mmHg, 104.5 ± 18.0 mmHg and 109.1 ± 9.8 mmHg, respectively, with significant difference (P <0.05) (66.2 ± 8.1 mmHg, 71.1 ± 8.8 mmHg, 72.0 ± 7.9 mmHg), the difference was statistically significant (P <0.05). There was an independent positive correlation between BMI and SBP and DBP after age and sex (P <0.05). The incidences of high SBP in BMI normal group, overweight group and obesity group were 1.3%, 7.1 % And 15.2% respectively. The incidence of high DBP was 4.5%, 9.2% and 17.4% respectively. The incidence of high SBP was 5.3%, 13.3% and 32.6% respectively, with significant difference (P <0.05). Conclusion: BMI in children is closely related to SBP and DBP. Children overweight and obesity increase the risk of hypertension, and the incidence of hypertension shows a doubling tendency with the increase of obesity.