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通过对华北地区进行震前大气电场异常观测研究的较为全面分析和总结 ,验证和论述了震前大气电场异常的基本特征 ,用大量的震例证实了在每次较大的近场地震发生前都能观测到该类异常现象 ,以及当较长一段时间内观测不到该类异常时 ,近场近期也不会有较大地震发生的可能。给出并验证了异常与地震三要素间的一些定量或定性的判定指标。进一步用震例总结、较长一段时间的连续监测实践以及在地震短临预报实践中的应用结果 ,论述了异常信息与地震发生间可能存在的内在关系。并根据物理学的基本理论深入探讨了地震电场异常产生的机理和传播规律 ,较好地解释观测到的非常明显的大气电场负异常现象。最后 ,通过对大气电场观测方法和一般地电场观测方法的对比分析 ,指出了大气电场在地震电场观测研究中的优势和作用
Through the more comprehensive analysis and summary of the anomalous atmospheric electric field before the earthquake in North China, the basic characteristics of the anomalous atmospheric electric field before the earthquake were verified and discussed. A large number of earthquakes proved that before each large near-field earthquake occurred Can observe such anomalies, and when such anomalies are not observed for a long period of time, there is no possibility of a larger earthquake in the near field in the near future. Some quantitative or qualitative judgments between the anomalies and the earthquakes are given and verified. The paper further summarizes the results of earthquake cases, the long-term continuous monitoring practice and the application results in the practice of short-term and short-term earthquake prediction, and discusses the possible internal relations between the anomaly information and the earthquake occurrence. According to the basic theory of physics, the mechanism and propagation regularity of the anomalous electric field in the earthquake are discussed in depth, and the observed negative anomaly of the electric field is well explained. Finally, by comparing the observation methods of atmospheric electric field with those of general electric field, the advantages and roles of atmospheric electric field in the observation of electric field are pointed out.