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目的分析一起某中学在校学生结核病聚集性疫情的发生情况,提出相应的防止疫情扩散的策略和方法。方法对全校教职工和发现的结核病学生所处年级的全部学生进行X线胸透检查和结核菌素(以下简称PPD)试验,对PPD试验强阳性学生进行X线胸片检查,胸片异常者进一步做痰涂片等相关检查,并进行有效的后续治疗与管控;X线胸片未见异常者建议常规预防性药物治疗。结果该中学全体教职工和高一、高二年级学生共4 399人全部接受PPD试验,呈阳性反应176人,对阳性病人进行胸片检查,发现活动性肺结核5例。结论学校是人群密度较大的特殊性聚集场所,一旦有传染性肺结核病患者的存在,就必须警惕有聚集性发病的可能,要及时采取有效的管控措施,防止结核病疫情的进一步扩散。
Objective To analyze the incidence of tuberculosis epidemic among students in a middle school and put forward corresponding strategies and methods to prevent the spread of the epidemic. Methods X-ray thoracentesis and tuberculin (PPD) tests were performed on all the students in the grade and found in TB students. X-ray and X-ray examination of strongly positive students in PPD test, Further sputum smear and other related checks, and effective follow-up treatment and control; no abnormal chest X-ray suggested routine preventive drug treatment. Results All the faculty members of the middle school and 4 399 students of high school and sophomore received PPD test, and 176 of them were positive. The positive patients were examined by X-ray and found 5 cases of active tuberculosis. Conclusion The school is a crowded place with special population density. Once there are patients with infectious pulmonary tuberculosis, schools should be alert to the possibility of aggregate disease. Take timely and effective control measures to prevent further spread of tuberculosis epidemic.