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一般所说的秘密社会指的是封建社会时期,下层群众自发结成的一种社会组织,它具有秘密的组织、活动方式、联络暗号、独特的礼仪、严格的规则,从事历代政权所禁止的政治、经济或者宗教活动,是只在民间秘密流传和存续的社会组织。它具有非国家性、神秘性、家族拟制性、互助性、社会性等特性。秘密社会往往是在社会矛盾尖锐、社会冲突激烈、土地兼并频发、大量无业游民存在、基本社会保障缺乏、国家对社会的失控以及异姓结拜的文化传统等多种因素共同作用下形成的。秘密社会规则属于特殊的民间规则,具有一定的平等性、契约性、自我管理性、严酷惩罚性、一定的正义性,并且是在成员高度信任的保障下运行的。秘密社会及其规则的存在,可能会对国家正式秩序及法律规则造成冲击,其发展规律是乱盛治衰。而大社会系统的健全和民众基本需求得到满足,以及社会正义得以伸张,才可能最大限度地消解秘密社会。
The so-called secret society refers to the feudal society, the spontaneous formation of a lower class of social organizations, it has a secret organization, activities, contact code, unique etiquette, strict rules, engaged in successive generations of state prohibited Political, economic or religious activity is a social organization that is circulated and survived only in private secrets. It has non-nationality, mystery, family planning, mutual assistance, social and other characteristics. Conflict societies are often formed under the combined action of many factors, such as: sharp social conflicts, intense social conflicts, frequent land mergers, the existence of a large number of unemployed tourists, lack of basic social security, the state's loss of social control, and the cultural tradition of surname worshiping. The secret social rules belong to special rules of the people, which have certain equality, contractuality, self-management, harsh punitiveness and certain justice, and operate under the guarantee of the members' high degree of trust. The existence of a clandestine society and its rules may have an impact on the formal order and legal rules of the country, and the law of its development is a disorderly cure. The sound social system and the basic needs of the people are met, and social justice can be done, it is possible to maximize the resolution of clandestine society.