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【目的】了解广东湛江硇洲岛褐蓝子鱼(Siganus fuscescen)肠道抗菌物质产生菌的多样性。【方法】采用传统的分离方法与牛津杯扩散法对褐蓝子鱼肠道菌进行分离纯化与抗菌活性测定,运用16S rRNA基因序列的系统发育分析对抗菌活性菌株进行多样性分析。【结果】根据形态观察和部分生理生化实验去冗余,从褐蓝子鱼肠道样品中分离到68株细菌,其中抗菌活性菌株19株,占分离株的27.9%。19株不同种类的活性菌株分属于细菌域的放线杆菌门(Actinobacteria)、变形杆菌门(Proteobacteria)与厚壁菌门(Firmicutes)的11个科、12个属。多数菌株属于厚壁菌门(8株,42.1%),其次是变形杆菌门(7株,36.8%)和放线杆菌门(4株,21.1%)。大多数抗菌活性菌株与其系统发育关系最密切的已知典型菌株之间存在一定的遗传差异(16S rRNA基因序列相似性为96.2%-99.9%),其中有4株代表潜在的新种。【结论】广东湛江硇洲岛褐蓝子鱼肠道中存在较为丰富的细菌抗菌物质产生菌,并蕴藏着较多的微生物新类群。
【Objective】 To understand the diversity of intestinal antibacterial substances in Siganus fuscescen in Zizhou, Guangdong. 【Method】 The isolation and purification of antibacterial activity of Enterobacteriaceae isolated from brown albino fish were carried out by the traditional separation method and Oxford Cup diffusion method. The diversity of antibacterial activity strains was analyzed by phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequence. 【Result】 According to morphological observation and partial physiological and biochemical experiments, 68 strains of bacteria were isolated from the brown fish samples, of which 19 were antimicrobial active strains, accounting for 27.9% of the isolates. Nineteen strains of Actinobacteria, Proteobacteria and Firmicutes belong to 12 genera and 19 families. Most strains belonged to Firmicutes (8 strains, 42.1%), followed by Proteus (7 strains, 36.8%) and Actinobacillus (4 strains, 21.1%). Most of the antibacterial activity isolates have certain genetic differences with known typical strains whose phylogenetic relationships are most closely related (16.2% -99.9% similarity of 16S rRNA gene sequences), of which 4 strains represent potential new species. 【Conclusion】 There are abundant bacterial antimicrobial substances in the intestine of the blue-eyed lionfish in Weizhou Island, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, and there are more new groups of microorganisms.