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发包商基于互联网以竞赛的方式面向社会大众寻求创新问题解决方案的模式称为众包竞赛。众包竞赛中解答者之间是竞争关系,彼此之间缺乏交流互动,造成了整体解答方案质量不高及资源浪费问题。然而,构建虚拟社区促进解答者之间的知识共享行为能够提高众包竞赛效率、节约成本。因此,发包商设计合理的激励机制以促进解答者之间的知识共享行为是众包竞赛的重要研究问题。针对该问题,基于博弈论方法设计了解答者知识共享的激励机制,建立了解答者之间的Nash博弈模型及发包商与解答者之间的Stackelberg博弈模型,求得解答者的最优努力程度、最优知识共享水平和双方的最大化收益,并给出参与人数对解答者收益影响的算例分析,对今后众包竞赛的成功举办提供了理论指导。
Contractor-based mode of crowdsourcing is based on the Internet to compete for the community to find innovative solutions to the problem. In the crowd-sourcing competition, there was a competition between the respondents and the lack of exchange and interaction between each other, resulting in a problem of poor quality and waste of resources as a whole. However, building a virtual community to promote the knowledge sharing between respondents can improve the efficiency and cost savings of crowdsourcing competition. Therefore, it is an important research question of crowdsourcing competition that the contractor designs the reasonable incentive mechanism to promote the knowledge sharing among the respondents. In response to this problem, the incentive mechanism of knowledge sharers was designed based on the game theory, and the Nash game model between the answerer and the Stackelberg game model between the contractor and the solver was established to find out the best effort of the respondents , The level of optimal knowledge sharing and the maximized returns of both parties, and gives an example analysis of the influence of the number of participants on the respondents’ returns. It provides theoretical guidance for the successful holding of the crowdsourcing competition in the future.