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[目的]了解2009年郴州市流感病毒流行株的病原学特征,为流感防控提供科学依据。[方法]采集哨点医院ILI咽拭子标本,用MDCK细胞进行病毒分离,采用HA和HI试验对流感病毒进行分型鉴定;采集暴发疫情ILI咽拭子用PCR法检测流感病毒核酸;随机抽取4、10月份的季节性A(H1N1)流感毒株进行NA基因测序,测序结果与国内各省市流行株及WHO推荐的北半球疫苗株作同源性比对,绘制种系进化树。[结果]分离哨点医院监测标本2284份,阳性254份:其中季节性A(H1N1)109株、A(H3N2)97株、甲型H1N130株、B型18株;PCR检测3024份标本,甲型H1N1核酸阳性1002份,阳性率33.13%;BLAST比对结果显示,4、10月份的季节性A(H1N1)毒株与2009年WHO推荐的北半球疫苗毒株A/Brisbane/59/2007的核酸同源性分别为99%和98%;种系进化分析结果表明4月份分离株与疫苗株亲缘关系最近,而10月份分离株较4月份分离株已明显发生变异。[结论]2009年郴州市甲型流感病毒异常活跃,其中1～6月季节性A(H1N1)为优势毒株,7～9月A(H3N2)为优势毒株,10～12月甲型H1N1为优势毒株,且出现甲型H1N1流感大流行。季节性A(H1N1)病毒在流行过程中NA基因已经发生了一定的变异,有必要持续跟踪和监测其变异情况。
[Objective] To understand the etiological characteristics of epidemic strains of influenza virus in Chenzhou in 2009 and provide a scientific basis for prevention and control of influenza. [Methods] The pharyngeal swab specimens from sentinel hospital were collected and the virus was isolated with MDCK cells. The HA and HI test were used to identify the influenza virus. The ILI throat swab was collected to detect the influenza virus nucleic acid by random PCR The NA gene sequencing was performed on the seasonal A (H1N1) flu strains in April and October. The sequencing results were compared with the epidemic strains of the provinces and municipalities in the world and the northern hemisphere vaccine strains recommended by WHO, and the phylogenetic tree was drawn. [Results] A total of 2284 sentinel surveillance samples were collected from sentinel hospitals, including 254 positive samples (109 seasonal A (H1N1), 97 A (H3N2), 18 H1N130 and 18 B) The positive rate of BLN1 was 1002, the positive rate was 33.13%. The results of BLAST showed that the seasonal A (H1N1) strains in April and October and the 2009 WHO Northern Hemisphere vaccine strain A / Brisbane / 59/2007 The homology was 99% and 98% respectively. The phylogenetic analysis indicated that the isolates had the closest genetic relationship with the vaccine strains in April, but the isolates in October were significantly different from the isolates in April. [Conclusion] Influenza A virus was extremely active in Chenzhou City in 2009, of which H1N1 was the dominant strain from January to June, and A (H3N2) was the dominant strain from July to September. From January to December, H1N1 As the dominant strain, and the emergence of influenza A (H1N1) influenza pandemic. The seasonal variation of the NA gene in the epidemic of seasonal A (H1N1) virus has taken place and it is necessary to keep track of and monitor its variation.