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人们把金属腐蚀比作吃金属的老虎,这并不夸大,据国外统计,全世界每年生产的钢铁有三分之一因腐蚀而报废。美苏两国每年因腐蚀而报废的钢铁都已达到四千万吨,其中完全不能作废铁回收的达一千万吨之多。由于腐蚀造成的严重事故不胜枚举,给国民经济造成巨大的损失,是社会浪费中最大的一项。随着科学技术的发展,金属腐蚀与防护,已逐渐摆脱了附属于电化学和冶金学的地位,发展成为一门独立的学科。
It is no exaggeration to compare metal corrosion to metal-eating tiger. According to foreign statistics, one-third of the world’s annual steel production is scrapped due to corrosion. Each year the U.S. and the Soviet Union have scrapped 40 million tons of steel due to corrosion, of which up to 10 million tons of scrap metal can not be recycled at all. As a result of the numerous accidents caused by the erosion, it has caused huge losses to the national economy and is the largest one of social waste. With the development of science and technology, metal corrosion and protection have gradually got rid of the status attached to electrochemistry and metallurgy and developed into an independent discipline.