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目的探讨黄石地区儿童EB病毒合并肺炎支原体(MP)流行病学特点及其影响因素。方法选取2015年2月-2016年4月该院收治的EB病毒合并MP患儿35例为观察组,另取34例单纯EB病毒感染的患儿为对照组。观察记录所有患儿的临床特点,并应用单因素和多因素非条件Logistic回归分析与肺炎相关的独立危险因素。结果随着年龄的增加,EB病毒合并MP检出率呈升高趋势,女童EB病毒合并MP检出率高于男童,差异有统计学意义(χ~2=4.183,P<0.05),夏秋季检出率较高,与春冬季比较差异有统计学意义(χ~2=15.775,P<0.05)。单因素分析结果显示,两组在原发性肺部疾病、低体质量、剖宫产、季节、年龄、低补体、流动人口状态和流行接触史上差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),进一步Logistic回归分析显示,原发性肺部疾病、低体质量、剖宫产、季节、年龄、低补体、流动人口状态和流行接触史均是与EB病毒合并MP感染相关的影响因素。结论黄石地区儿童EB病毒合并MP具有明显的流行病学特点,且有明显的影响因素,根据其影响因素制定相关的护理和预防策略可降低其发病率。
Objective To investigate the epidemiological characteristics of Epstein-Barr virus (EB) combined with Mycoplasma pneumoniae (MP) in children in Yellowstone and its influencing factors. Methods From February 2015 to April 2016, 35 children with Epstein-Barr virus combined with MP in our hospital were selected as the observation group. Another 34 children with Epstein-Barr virus infection were selected as the control group. The clinical features of all children were observed and recorded. Univariate and multivariate non-conditional logistic regression analysis was used to analyze the independent risk factors associated with pneumonia. Results The detection rate of Epstein-Barr virus (MP) combined with MP increased with age. The prevalence of Epstein-Barr virus (MP) in girls was higher than that of boys (χ ~ 2 = 4.183, P <0.05) The detection rate in autumn was higher than that in spring and winter (χ ~ 2 = 15.775, P <0.05). Univariate analysis showed that there was significant difference between the two groups in the history of primary lung disease, low body mass, cesarean section, season, age, low complement, floating population status and epidemic exposure (P <0.05) Logistic regression analysis showed that primary pulmonary disease, low body weight, cesarean section, season, age, low complement, floating population status and epidemic exposure history all were the influencing factors associated with Epstein-Barr virus co-infection. Conclusions There is a clear epidemiological characteristic of MP in children with Epstein-Barr virus in Huangshi area, and there are obvious influencing factors. According to the influencing factors, the related nursing and prevention strategies can reduce the incidence of EB.