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目的了解衢州市2001年-2014年甲型病毒性肝炎(甲肝)的流行病学特征,为全市甲肝的预防控制提供依据。方法收集衢州市14年中甲肝疫情的资料,运用流行病学方法进行分析。结果甲肝发病率为0.52/10万~6.99/10万,甲肝疫苗纳入免费接种前后年均发病率分别为4.81/10万和1.08/10万,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。纳入免费接种前,季节分布明显,发病高峰在3月-5月和8月;纳入免费接种后,季节分布不明显。龙游县和江山市甲肝发病率较高,衢江区最低。职业以农民为主,占68.94%;发病年龄以30岁~49岁青壮年为主,占43.24%;男性高于女性,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。结论衢州市甲肝报告发病率逐年下降,加强以甲肝疫苗接种为主的综合预防控制措施能有效降低甲肝发病率。
Objective To understand the epidemiological characteristics of hepatitis A (A) from 2001 to 2014 in Quzhou City and provide evidence for the prevention and control of hepatitis A in the city. Methods The data of Hepatitis A in 14 years in Quzhou City were collected and analyzed by epidemiological method. Results The incidence of hepatitis A was 0.52 / 100,000 to 6.99 / 100,000. The annual average incidence of hepatitis A vaccine was 4.81 / lakh and 1.08 / lakh respectively before and after free vaccination, the difference was statistically significant (P <0.01). Inclusion of free vaccination before the seasonal distribution was obvious, the peak incidence in March-May and August; included in the free vaccination, seasonal distribution is not obvious. Longyou County and Jiangshan City, a higher incidence of hepatitis A, Qujiang lowest. The occupations are dominated by peasants, accounting for 68.94%; the age of onset is mainly young adults aged 30 to 49, accounting for 43.24%; men are higher than females, the difference is statistically significant (P <0.01). Conclusion The incidence of hepatitis A in Quzhou City is decreasing year by year. Strengthening the comprehensive prevention and control measures based on hepatitis A vaccination can effectively reduce the incidence of hepatitis A.