论文部分内容阅读
目的了解海南省2008年手足口病的流行病学和临床特征,为预防控制手足口病提供科学依据。方法对海南省2008年网络直报手足口病7992例及其中完成个案调查的760例(83例重症病例)的相关资料采用描述性流行病学方法进行分析。结果2008年海南省手足口病年发病率为94.58/10万,病死率为0.04/10万,全省18个市县均有手足口病报告,男女发病率比为1.8:1。患者年龄最小1d,最大86岁,5岁以下发病占总数的95.58%,以散居儿童发病为主。海南省手足口病在5～6、10～11月份出现两个流行高峰。53.29%患者发热,手、足、口部同时出现皮疹占61.45%。235例患者标本病原学检查,病原阳性率为54.74%(128/235),其中EV71(肠道病毒71型)阳性率35.74%(84/235),其它肠道病毒阳性率18.72%(44/235),83例重症患者EV71检测阳性率为30.12%(25/83)。结论手足口病是一种常见的自限性疾病,加强对重症病例及其病原(特别是EV71)的监测,及时识别重症和转运及救治病人,减少死亡是手足口病防控的重点。
Objective To understand the epidemiological and clinical features of hand, foot and mouth disease in Hainan province in 2008 and provide a scientific basis for the prevention and control of hand foot and mouth disease. Methods Descriptive epidemiological methods were used to analyze the data of 7992 cases of hand-foot-mouth disease reported by Hainan Province in 2008 and 760 cases (83 cases of severe cases) that completed the case-investigation. Results The annual incidence of hand, foot and mouth disease was 94.58 / 100 000 in 2008 and the case fatality rate was 0.04 / 100 000. Hand, foot and mouth disease was reported in 18 cities and counties across the province. The incidence rate of male to female was 1.8: 1. The patient is the youngest 1d, the maximum is 86 years old, the incidence of the disease under 5 years old accounts for 95.58% of the total, with the onset of scattered children. Hainan Province, hand, foot and mouth disease in 5 to 6, 10 to November there are two popular peak. 53.29% of patients had fever, hand, foot and mouth rash at the same time accounted for 61.45%. The positive rate of pathogen in 235 patients was 54.74% (128/235). The positive rate of EV71 (enterovirus 71) was 35.74% (84/235), the positive rate of other enterovirus was 18.72% (44 / 235). The positive rate of EV71 in 83 severe cases was 30.12% (25/83). Conclusion Hand-foot-mouth disease is a common self-limiting disease. It is necessary to strengthen the monitoring of critically ill patients and their pathogens (especially EV71), and to identify severe cases, transport patients and treat patients in time. Reducing deaths is the focus of prevention and control of HFMD.