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针对直流 GIL 中金属微粒污染问题，该文研究了其对模型绝缘子表面电荷积聚的影响。基于麦克斯韦理论，纳入微粒污染以及气体侧空间离子的产生、复合、迁移、扩散等作用，建立了微粒污染情况下包含气体侧微观机制的绝缘子表面电荷积聚模型，利用COMSOL软件对三维情况下绝缘子形状、金属微粒不同黏附形态以及不同气体环境对表面电荷积聚的影响进行了求解分析，同时搭建了考虑导电微粒情况的电荷测量平台，对仿真中典型设置进行实验，验证仿真结果的正确性。研究表明，随截面底角减小，电荷更多积聚于绝缘子表面；黏附于绝缘子表面的金属微粒会引起表面电荷大积聚激增，沿高低压电极连线黏附微粒引起积聚最明显；气体环境改变会引起表面电荷积聚发生改变，低气压时更易积聚电荷。“,”Regarding the metallic particle pollution within DC GIL, a simulation model was established to study the effect of the particles on the surface charge accumulation. The model is based on Maxwell equations with the generation, recombination, migration and diffusion of the positive/negative ions at the gas side being taken into account. The COMSOL software was used to calculate the surface charge accumulation influenced by the insulator shape, the adhering attitude of metal particles and the gas state in the three-dimensional environment. An experimental platform, for surface charge measurement with consideration of the metal particles, had been set up to approve the typical simulation results. The study shows that, the smaller the base angle, the more charge accumulation on the insulator surface, and the charge amount may have a surge with the adhesion of metal particles, in which the one along the tangential direction of the electric field renders the most obvious effect. Also, the change of gas state will vary the accumulation and the surface charge is much likely to accumulate in a low gas pressure.