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目的：建立大鼠实验性牙髓炎模型；原位观察大鼠正常牙髓和炎症牙髓中Ｂｃｌ－２和Ｂａｘ的表达情况，探讨两者在牙髓炎病理变化中的作用。方法：利用ＳＤ大鼠的下颌第一磨牙采用内毒素化学诱导法建立牙髓炎模型，用免疫组织化学染色的方法研究Ｂｃｌ－２和Ｂａｘ的表达及其意义。结果：正常牙髓中Ｂｃｌ－２在成牙本质细胞层表达阳性，牙髓中央区域弱阳性，Ｂａｘ在成牙本质细胞层表达强阳性，牙髓中央区域阳性。在牙髓中央的表达弱于牙髓外周，Ｂｃｌ－２的表达在相应部位弱于Ｂａｘ。在炎症牙髓中炎细胞浸润区Ｂｃｌ－２表达强阳性，纤维包饶区和充血反应区表达分别为阳性和弱阳性，Ｂａｘ在炎症牙髓中着色较均匀。结论：成牙本质细胞凋亡与Ｂｃｌ－２和Ｂａｘ的表达量有关，正常牙髓中存在细胞凋亡，这与该部位Ｂａｘ表达量较高有关；Ｂｃｌ－２和Ｂａｘ是牙髓炎时炎细胞凋亡的重要调控因素之一。
OBJECTIVE: To establish a rat model of experimental pulpitis. The expression of Bcl-2 and Bax in normal pulp and inflammatory pulp of rats was observed in situ, and their roles in pathological changes of pulpitis were also explored. Methods: The model of pulpitis was established by endotoxin chemoattractant method in the mandibular first molar of SD rats. The expression of Bcl-2 and Bax was studied by immunohistochemical staining. Results: The expression of Bcl-2 in odontoblasts was normal in normal dental pulp cells. The positive staining of Bax was strongly positive in odontoblasts and central in dental pulp. The expression of Bcl-2 in the central part of the pulp is weaker than that in the pulp. The expression of Bcl-2 is weaker than the Bax in the corresponding part. The expression of Bcl-2 was strongly positive in inflamed pulp cells in inflammatory infiltrates. The expression of Bax and RBC was positive and weak positive respectively in fibrous rafts. The expression of Bax in inflammatory pulp was more uniform. Conclusion: Apoptosis of odontoblasts is related to the expression of Bcl-2 and Bax, and there is apoptosis in normal dental pulp, which is related to the high expression of Bax in this part. Bcl-2 and Bax are the pathogens of pulpitis One of the important regulatory factors of apoptosis.