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油菜在植物分类学中,主要属于十字花科芸苔属植物的若干种。这一点与大豆、花生、芝麻等油料作物都来自同一个种有所不同,也就决定了油菜种类的多样性和复杂性。1956年全国油菜试验研究座谈会,根据我国油菜栽培的悠久历史传统和油菜生产发展的要求,结合植物学形态特征和农艺性状的分类,将芸苔属油用植物中称为油菜的近似群体分为白菜型油菜、甘兰型油菜和芥菜型油菜三大类型。在各个类型之内又包括若干个种。根据油菜的繁殖方式,白菜型油菜是典型的异花授粉作物,甘兰型和芥菜型油菜是常异花授粉作物。这两种不同的繁殖方式,基本上
Rape in plant taxonomy, mainly belonging to several cruciferous Brassica species. This is different from the same species of oilseeds such as soybean, peanut, sesame, etc., which also determines the variety and complexity of rapeseed species. According to the long history tradition of rapeseed cultivation in China and the request of rapeseed production development in 1956, based on the classification of botanical morphology and agronomic traits, the approximate group of rapeseed oil plants Brassica campestris, Brassica napus and Brassica juncea three types. In each type includes a number of species. According to the breeding method of rapeseed, cabbage rape is a typical cross-pollinated crops, cabbage and mustard-type rape is often cross-pollinated crops. These two different ways of reproduction, basically