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为研制并应用绿色溶剂玉米油甲酯以替代5%高效氯氟氰菊酯水乳剂中芳香烃类溶剂,以酸催化法研究了玉米油甲酯最佳合成工艺,采用浸渍法、液滴干燥法、白金吊环法、激光粒度分布仪测定法和点滴法测定了不同用量玉米油甲酯对5%高效氯氟氰菊酯水乳剂最大稳定持留量、液滴干燥时间、表面张力、粒度分布和生物活性的影响。结果表明:醇油摩尔比12∶1、反应温度65℃、反应时间6 h、催化剂浓硫酸用量为油重6%时,玉米油甲酯收率最大为85%;玉米油甲酯溶剂用量由10%提高至30%,5%高效氯氟氰菊酯水乳剂稀释药液在甘蓝、玉米、油菜叶片上的最大稳定持留量呈增大趋势,最大提高率为158.18%;在甘蓝叶片和石蜡载玻片上的干燥时间分别延长16min和17 min;表面张力降低18.4 m N/m;乳粒中位径保持在1μm左右,跨距略有增大。生物活性测定结果显示玉米油甲酯对甜菜夜蛾4龄幼虫的致死率明显提高。表明玉米油甲酯作为5%高效氯氟氰菊酯水乳剂助溶剂,可以保证水乳剂物理稳定性,且可提高药剂施用效果。
In order to develop and apply the green solvent methyl ester of corn oil instead of the aromatic hydrocarbon solvent in 5% lambda-cyhalothrin emulsion, the optimum synthesis technology of methyl ester of corn oil was studied by acid catalysis. Method, platinum ring method, laser particle size distribution analyzer and spotting method were used to determine the maximum stable amount of 5% lambda-cyhalothrin emulsion, droplet drying time, surface tension and particle size distribution Effects of biological activity. The results showed that the maximum yield of methyl ester was 85% when the molar ratio of alcohol to oil was 12:1, the reaction temperature was 65 ℃, the reaction time was 6 h and the concentration of catalyst was 6% 10% increased to 30%. The maximum steady retention of 5% lambda-cyhalothrin aqueous emulsion in cabbage, corn and rape leaves increased with the maximum increase rate of 158.18%. In kale leaves and paraffin The drying time on the slide was extended by 16 min and 17 min, respectively. The surface tension was reduced by 18.4 m N / m. The median diameter of the milk grains was kept at about 1 μm and the span was slightly increased. Bioassay results showed that corn methyl ester significantly increased the lethality of 4th instar larvae of beet armyworm. The results showed that corn oil methyl ester as a 5% lambda-cyhalothrin water emulsion cosolvent can ensure the physical stability of aqueous emulsion and improve the effect of medicament application.