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目的比较铅作业工人和非铅作业工人血铅、尿铅浓度、红细胞锌原卟啉和血常规的差异,探讨铅作业工人红细胞锌原卟啉和血铅、尿铅浓度的相关性。方法以蓄电池企业的252名铅作业工人作为接铅组,电子厂205名非铅作业工人作为对照组,测定血铅、尿铅浓度、红细胞锌原卟啉和血常规,并对结果进行统计学处理。结果接铅组血红蛋白含量低于对照组(P<0.05),白细胞和红细胞、血小板则无差异(P>0.05),接铅组红细胞锌原卟啉、血铅、尿铅浓度均显著高于对照组(P<0.01),尿铅与红细胞锌原卟啉的相关系数(r)=0.166,血铅与红细胞锌原卟啉的相关系数r=0.406。结论长期接触铅可导致血铅、尿铅浓度和红细胞锌原卟啉升高,血红蛋白降低,对白细胞、红细胞、血小板无明显影响,血铅与红细胞锌原卟啉的相关性较尿铅与红细胞锌原卟啉的相关性好。
Objective To compare the differences of blood lead, urine lead concentration, erythrocyte zinc protoporphyrin and blood routine between lead workers and non-lead workers, and to explore the correlation between red blood cell zinc protoporphyrin and blood lead and urine lead in lead workers. Methods A total of 252 lead workers in battery companies were taken as lead group and 205 non-lead workers in electronics factory as control group. Blood lead and urine lead concentrations, erythrocyte zinc protoporphyrin and blood routine were measured, and the results were statistically analyzed deal with. Results The levels of hemoglobin in the lead group were lower than those in the control group (P <0.05), and there was no difference in the leucocytes, erythrocytes and platelets (P> 0.05). The concentrations of zinc protoporphyrin, blood lead and urine lead in the lead group were significantly higher than those in the control group Group (P <0.01). The correlation coefficient (r) between urinary lead and erythrocyte zinc protoporphyrin was 0.166, and the correlation coefficient between blood lead and erythrocyte zinc protoporphyrin was 0.406. Conclusion Long-term exposure to lead can lead to the increase of blood lead and urine lead concentrations, the increase of erythrocyte zinc protoporphyrin and the decrease of hemoglobin, but have no significant effect on white blood cells, erythrocytes and platelets. The correlation between blood lead and erythrocyte zinc protoporphyrin is higher than that of urine lead and red blood cells The correlation of zinc protoporphyrin is good.