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目的 为了减少老年人慢性病的患病率、死亡率。方法 采用分层抽样的方法选择 2 6 4 3名老年前期被凋查者 ,进行体格检查和回顾性调查。结果 患病率居前三位的是高血压 ,患病率为 11.80 % ;冠心病 ,患病率为 8.42 % ;慢性支气管炎 ,患病率为 7.6 0 %。文化程度与患病有关 ,χ2 =2 3.0 493,P =1.0 0 0 2× 10 - 4 。坐办公室工作是患病的危险因素之一 ,RR =1.2 3,χ2 =13.3744 ,P =2 .9999× 10 - 4 。吸烟者比不吸烟者患病的危险性大 1.5 2倍 ,RR =1.5 2 ,χ2 =86 .790 8,P <0 .0 0 0 1。饮酒人群比一般人群的危险性大 1.37倍 ,RR =1.37,χ2 =2 7.180 4,P <0 .0 0 0 1。结论 不良生活习惯可使老年人患慢性病的危险性明显增加
The purpose is to reduce the prevalence of chronic diseases in the elderly, mortality. Methods Stratified sampling method was used to select 2 643 pre-senile patients who had been interrogated for physical examination and retrospective investigation. Results The top three prevalences were hypertension with a prevalence of 11.80%, coronary heart disease with a prevalence of 8.42% and chronic bronchitis with a prevalence of 7.6%. The educational level was related to illness, χ2 = 2 3.0 493, P = 1.0 0 0 2 × 10 - 4. Sitting in the office was one of the risk factors for morbidity, RR = 1.2 3, χ2 = 13.3744, P = 2.9999 × 10 - 4. Smokers were 1.52 times more likely to be ill than nonsmokers, RR = 1.5 2, χ 2 = 86.790 8, P <.0 0 0 1. The risk of drinking alcohol was 1.37 times greater than that of the general population, RR = 1.37, χ2 = 2 7.1804, P <0.001. Conclusion Unhealthy habits can significantly increase the risk of chronic diseases in the elderly