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天然橡胶是四大工业原料中唯一可再生的战略性资源。通过对世界天然橡胶主产国的橡胶园产权制度及其演进进行比较分析,得出的结论是:家庭农场模式是世界天然橡胶生产最普及、比较有效率的一种产权制度安排。进入21世纪以来,天然橡胶价格急剧上升,远高过历史最高水平,中国橡胶产量却回到了上世纪90年代初的水平。其深层次的原因在于以中国国有农场为主的橡胶园产权制度已经失去均衡。目前中国实行国有开割胶园家庭长期承包是一种进步,但能否从根本上解决问题还需实践检验。
Natural rubber is the only renewable strategic resource among the four major industrial raw materials. By comparing and analyzing the property right system of rubber plantations in the major natural rubber countries in the world and its evolution, it is concluded that the family farm pattern is the most universal and relatively efficient system of property rights in the world natural rubber production. Since entering the 21st century, the price of natural rubber has risen sharply, much higher than the historical highest level. However, the output of rubber in China has returned to the level of the early 1990s. The deeper reason is that the property rights system of rubber plantations dominated by state-owned farms in China has lost its balance. At present, the long-term contracting of state-owned open cut rubber plantation in China is an improvement. However, it is still necessary to test whether it can fundamentally solve the problem.