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苹果青霉病是由多种青霉菌引起的一种贮藏期病害,主要危害苹果、梨、葡萄等果实,多发生在贮藏的中后期,从机械损伤和病虫害伤口入侵发病,造成大量烂果。该病的发生与贮藏环境有密切的关系,温度高、湿度大发病较重,反之则轻。 一、症状 苹果青霉病初发期为黄白色,近圆形病斑,以后病斑凹陷,果肉腐烂、湿软,进一步扩大呈圆锥状向果心腐烂,条件适宜时,10天即使整果烂掉。环境潮湿时多从病斑中心的伤口处,产生小瘤状霉块,初为白色,以后变为青绿色,表面被覆粉状物,此为该病菌的分生孢子,易被风吹散,落于其它果面及基物上,引起更多果实发病。烂果有强烈霉味。
Penicillium chinensis is a kind of disease caused by many kinds of Penicillium during the storage period. It mainly harms the fruits such as apple, pear, grape and so on. It occurs mostly in the middle and late stages of storage. It is caused by the invasion from mechanical injury and pest and disease, causing a lot of rotten fruits. The occurrence of the disease and the storage environment is closely related to the high temperature, humidity, severe disease, otherwise light. First, the symptoms of early onset of blueberry Penicillium, nearly circular lesions, after the lesion depression, rotten fruit, wet and soft, to further expand the conical fruit decay, conditions suitable, 10 days even the whole fruit Rotting More damp environment from the lesion at the center of the wound to produce small knobby mold, the beginning of the white, later into a turquoise, the surface covered with powder, which is the pathogen conidia, easy to be blown by the wind, Fall on other fruits and the base material, causing more fruit disease. Rotten fruit has a strong musty.