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目的了解0~4岁儿童语言发育现况,分析其语言发育的影响因素。方法采用首都儿科研究所编制的《中国儿童发育量表》对667名0~4岁的儿童进行语言发育商测查,用问卷方式调查家庭语言环境影响因素。所收集的资料采用单因素分析、多元线性回归分析进行统计。结果 667例儿童语言发育商平均值为100.84±13.36;单因素分析发现主要抚养人、父亲文化程度、育儿方式、语言障碍家族史对0~4岁儿童语言发育商存在影响(P<0.05);多元线性回归分析显示父母为主要抚养人、多交流的育儿方式、父亲文化程度高有利于0~4岁儿童语言发育。结论儿童语言发育与家庭环境因素密切相关,抚养人创造积极的语言环境有利于儿童语言发育。
Objective To understand the language development status of children aged 0 ~ 4 years and analyze the influencing factors of language development. Methods A total of 667 children aged 0 to 4 years old were surveyed using the “Chinese Child Development Scale” compiled by the Capital Institute of Pediatrics, and questionnaires were used to investigate the influencing factors of family language environment. The collected data using univariate analysis, multiple linear regression analysis statistics. Results The average language developmental quotient of 667 children was 100.84 ± 13.36. The univariate analysis showed that the major dependents, father ’s education level, parental style and familial history of language disturbance had an impact on the language development of children aged 0-4 years (P <0.05). Multivariate linear regression analysis showed that parents as the main dependents, more exchanges of parenting, father education is good for children aged 0-4 years of language development. Conclusion The children’s language development is closely related to family environment factors. The supportive language environment is beneficial to children’s language development.